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90+ Biotechnology Principles and Processes Solved MCQs

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Chapter: Biotechnology Principles and Processes
1.

The enzymes that cuts specifically recognition sites in the DNA is known as

A. DNA ligase
B. DNA Polymerase
C. Reverse transcriptase
D. Restriction endonuclease
Answer» D. Restriction endonuclease
discuss
2.

DNA can be introduced into any cell by

A. Injection
B. being complexed with Ca salts
C. gel electrophoresis
D. being placed along with
Answer» A. Injection
discuss
3.

Ability of a plant or animal cell to repeatedly divide and differentiate into a complete organism is :-

A. cloning
B. DNA finger printing
C. cellular totipotency
D. mitosis
Answer» C. cellular totipotency
discuss
4.

Restriction endonuclease is also known as -

A. molecular glue
B. DNA ligase
C. DNA Polymerase
D. molecular scissors
Answer» D. molecular scissors
discuss
5.

Extra chromosomal small cirular double stranded DNA molecule in a bacterial cell is stranded DNA molecule in bacterial cell is

A. Plastid
B. Plasmid
C. Mitochondrion
D. Chloroplast
Answer» B. Plasmid
discuss
6.

Introduction of foreign genes into plant or animal cells using micropipettes is

A. Electroporation
B. Chemical - mediated genetransfer
C. microinjection
D. Particle gun
Answer» B. Chemical - mediated genetransfer
discuss
7.

Which one of the following is releated with genetic engineering ?

A. Mulations
B. Ribosomes
C. Mitochondria
D. Plasmids
Answer» D. Plasmids
discuss
8.

In bacteria, genes for antibiotic resistance are usually located in

A. Plasmids
B. Cytoplasm
C. Mitochondria
D. Nucleus
Answer» B. Cytoplasm
discuss
9.

A technique used to make numerous copies of a specific segment of DNA quickly and accurately

A. Translation
B. transcription
C. Ligase chain reaction
D. polymerase chain reaction
Answer» B. transcription
discuss
10.

The enzyme that cleaves DNA at specific sites, producing sticky ends is called

A. Restriction endonuclease
B. Cleaving enzyme
C. Lysing enzyme
D. Exonuclease
Answer» D. Exonuclease
discuss
11.

Which of the Following is a genetic vector ?

A. Plasmid
B. Phage
C. Cosmid
D. All of these
Answer» A. Plasmid
discuss
12.

Restriction endonucleases are used in genetic engineering because -

A. They can degrade harmful proteins
B. They can join DNA fragments
C. They can cut DNA at specific base sequences
D. They can cut DNA at variable sites
Answer» D. They can cut DNA at variable sites
discuss
13.

Ideal host for the amplification of DNA molecules is

A. Viruses
B. Plants
C. Bacteria
D. Animals
Answer» C. Bacteria
discuss
14.

Ti Plasmid naturally occurs in

A. Agro bacterium
B. Corynebacterium
C. Staphylococcus
D. Vibrio
Answer» A. Agro bacterium
discuss
15.

The sticky ends of Fragmented DNA molecules are made up of

A. calcuim salts
B. endo nuclease
C. un paired bases
D. methyl groups
Answer» D. methyl groups
discuss
16.

Which of the following are the essential requirements for recombination ?

A. Single stranded DNA
B. DNA ligase
C. DNA Polymerase I
D. All of the above
Answer» B. DNA ligase
discuss
17.

The Plasmid derived from E.Coli is

A. PBR327
B. PBR322
C. both a above
D. None
Answer» B. PBR322
discuss
18.

Ti Plasmid is useful in

A. bringing new genes into animal cells
B. bringing new genes into plant cells
C. to nearly any sites on a chromosome
D. bringing tumour cells into plant cells
Answer» C. to nearly any sites on a chromosome
discuss
19.

Many copies of a DNA molecule in a test tube are procurred by

A. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B. Molecular chain reaction (MCR)
C. Ephemeral chain reaction (ECR)
D. All of these
Answer» A. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
discuss
20.

Bam H I, ECo R I, Sal I are the types of

A. restriction endonucleasses
B. restraction endoxidases
C. restriction exonucleases
D. restriction polymerases
Answer» C. restriction exonucleases
discuss
21.

Retro viruses have genetic matetial which is

A. DNA
B. RNA
C. both DAN & RNA
D. proteins
Answer» B. RNA
discuss
22.

Genetic engineering is possile because

A. the phenomenon of transducation in bacteria is well understood
B. we can see DNA by electron microscope
C. we can cut DNA at specific sites by endonucleases like DNA ase I
D. restrication endonuclease purified from bacteria can be used in vitro
Answer» A. the phenomenon of transducation in bacteria is well understood
discuss
23.

Plasmids are the suitable vectors for genetic cloning as.....

A. they are indispendable
B. they are self replicating units
C. they are essential for bacterial reproducation
D. None of the above
Answer» B. they are self replicating units
discuss
24.

Which of the following is used in genetic engineering ?

A. Restrication endonuclease
B. Mycobacterium
C. Entameha
D. Pepsin
Answer» A. Restrication endonuclease
discuss
25.

The first hormone artificially produced by culturing bacteria is______

A. Insulin
B. thyroxine
C. Testosterone
D. Adrenaline
Answer» A. Insulin
discuss
26.

When the number of genes increases in response to some signal the effect is called.....

A. gene dosage
B. Gene pool
C. gene amplification
D. gene freaquency
Answer» C. gene amplification
discuss
27.

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched ?

A. RNA polymerase - RNA primer
B. Restrication enzymes - Genetic engineering
C. Centeral dogma - codon
D. okazaki fragments - splicing
Answer» B. Restrication enzymes - Genetic engineering
discuss
28.

Plasmids are autonomously replicating mini chromosomes found in......

A. Bachterio phage lambda
B. Leishmania donovani
C. Escherichia coli
D. para moecium caudatum
Answer» C. Escherichia coli
discuss
29.

Improvement of genotype of an organism by addition of some foreigm gene is......

A. genetic diversity
B. gene handing
C. tissue cutlure
D. genetic engineering
Answer» A. genetic diversity
discuss
30.

Two bacteria found to be very useful in genetic engineering experiments are......

A. Nitrosomonas and Klebsiella
B. Escherichia and Agrobacterium
C. Nitrobacter and Azotobacter
D. Rhizobium and Diplococcus
Answer» B. Escherichia and Agrobacterium
discuss
31.

Restriction enzymes are isolated chielfy from.......

A. Algae
B. Fungi
C. Protozoans
D. Prokaryotes
Answer» B. Fungi
discuss
32.

There are special proteins that help to open up DNA double helix in front of the reaplication work . these proteins are........

A. DNA gyrase
B. DNA polymerase I
C. DNA ligase
D. DNA topoisomerase
Answer» A. DNA gyrase
discuss
33.

Technology which uses living components for the welfare of human being is.....

A. Biology
B. Botany
C. Bioinformatics
D. Biotechnology
Answer» D. Biotechnology
discuss
34.

Which prosess is involved in making bread cheese, beer and wine ?

A. Respiration / hydrolysis
B. Degradation
C. Fermentation
D. Decomposition
Answer» C. Fermentation
discuss
35.

EFB stands for ........

A. European Foudation of Biotechnology
B. European Foundation of Biology
C. European Foundation of Biotechnology
D. European Foundation of Biology
Answer» C. European Foundation of Biotechnology
discuss
36.

The organism whoes gene have been artificially altered for desired efect is called as.......

A. genetically mutant organism
B. gene transfer
C. genetically modified organism
D. Genetically transferred organism
Answer» C. genetically modified organism
discuss
37.

The sequence of DNA that reads the same backward and forward across the double strand is........

A. Recipient sequence
B. palindromic sequence
C. Replicate sequence
D. origin sequence
Answer» B. palindromic sequence
discuss
38.

How many restriction enzymes are known to be isolated ?

A. more than 800
B. more than 700
C. more than 600
D. more than 900
Answer» B. more than 700
discuss
39.

Which of the following step is necessary part of DNA recombination technology ?

A. Insertion of DNA fragment into vector
B. Insertion of vector into Bacteria
C. multiplication of the clones containing the recombination molecule
D. All the above
Answer» C. multiplication of the clones containing the recombination molecule
discuss
40.

Restriction enzymes belong to which class of enzymes ?

A. Nucleolase
B. Exo nucleases
C. Nucleases
D. Endonucleases
Answer» B. Exo nucleases
discuss
41.

A sequence of in a genome at which replication is intiated in .........

A. origin of relpication
B. selectable marker
C. cloning site
D. origin of restriction
Answer» B. selectable marker
discuss
42.

Genes which helps in the growth of transformants are .....

A. orgin of replication
B. cloning site
C. origin of restriction
D. selectable marker
Answer» A. orgin of replication
discuss
43.

Ti Plasmid is a cloning vector which works with

A. All the plants
B. Dicots only
C. Monocots only
D. Thallophytes only
Answer» B. Dicots only
discuss
44.

During which of the following techniques host cells are exposed to pulse of high voltage current ?

A. Electroporation
B. Particle Bombard ments
C. Micro injection
D. lipofection
Answer» A. Electroporation
discuss
45.

Particle bombardment technique is also known as .....

A. Lipofection
B. Electroporation
C. Biolistic
D. Micro injection
Answer» B. Electroporation
discuss
46.

Which enzyme is used to break the membrane to relase plant DNA ?

A. Lysozyme
B. Chitinase
C. Cellulose
D. All the above
Answer» A. Lysozyme
discuss
47.

Which enzyne is used to break the membrane to relase animal DNA ?

A. Lysozyme
B. chitinase
C. Celluose
D. All the above
Answer» B. chitinase
discuss
48.

Which is the first step in the process recombinant DNA technology ?

A. denaturing of DNA
B. Annealing of DNA
C. Isolation of Donor DNA
D. Down streaming
Answer» A. denaturing of DNA
discuss
49.

Which primers are used in annealing during amplification of gene ?

A. Reverse primers
B. Forward primers
C. Oligo nucleotide primer
D. Internal primers
Answer» A. Reverse primers
discuss
50.

Which of the following is related with genetic engineering ?

A. Breeding
B. somatic hybridization
C. mutation
D. Transgenic
Answer» D. Transgenic
discuss
51.

What is C - DNA ?

A. circular DNA
B. Cloned DNA
C. DNA produced from reverse transcription of RNA
D. Cytoplasmic DNA
Answer» C. DNA produced from reverse transcription of RNA
discuss
52.

Which of the bollowing statement is incorrect ?

A. cosmid contains gene coding for viral protein
B. cosmid relpicates like plasmids
C. cosmid has antibioticresistant marker gene
D. cos sit has 12 bases helping to join complete genome to make it circular
Answer» A. cosmid contains gene coding for viral protein
discuss
53.

The genetic recombinants obtained by in sertion of plasmid into 1 phage genome is called

A. cosmid
B. plasmid
C. phagmid
D. foreign DNA
Answer» A. cosmid
discuss
54.

TATAATG sequnce near the RNA start point of phokaryotic promoter is......

A. NICKS
B. DNA marker
C. pallindrome
D. pribnow box
Answer» D. pribnow box
discuss
55.

Exonucleases cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end of polynucleotide chain are.

A. Specific for 5’ end of RNA strand
B. specific for 3’ end of RNA strand
C. specific for both 5’ and 3’ ends of nucleotide strand
D. Non- specific for 5’ and 3’ ends of nucleotide
Answer» B. specific for 3’ end of RNA strand
discuss
56.

Genes that are involved in turning on or off the transcription of a set of structural genes are called

A. Polymorphic genes
B. operator gene
C. Rebundant gene
D. Regulatory gene
Answer» C. Rebundant gene
discuss
57.

Enzymes used in PCR is ....

A. taq polymerase
B. gyrase
C. transcriptase
D. hexokinase
Answer» C. transcriptase
discuss
58.

What are structure labelled A & B respectively

A. EcoRv restriction endonuclease and E coRv ligase
B. EcoRv ligase and EcoRv nuclease and EcoRvmethlase
C. Eco–– Rv restriction endo EcoRv methylase
D. EcoRv Polymerase and EcoRv methylase
Answer» A. EcoRv restriction endonuclease and E coRv ligase
discuss
59.

Can you pick up from the figure how bacteria protects its own genone from degradation by restreiction endonuclease ?

A. site specific coupling
B. site specific oxidizing
C. site specific oxidizing
D. site specific methylases
Answer» D. site specific methylases
discuss
60.

This is figure of plasmid P BR322 Identiby what represented by A, B, and C

A. A TcR, B ApR and C EcorI
B. A TcR, B EcoRI and C ApR
C. A - EcorI, B ApR and C TcR
D. A ApR, B TcR and C EcoRz
Answer» D. A ApR, B TcR and C EcoRz
discuss
61.

These are important set of enzymes used in biotechnology Match them with exact role
P Taq DNa Polymerase (i) cutting single stranded part of DNA
Q S I nuclease (ii) Ligase
R Restriction endo nuclease (iii) Thermostable enzyme
S mole cular glue (iv) cutting pallindromic sequences
(v) union of pallindromic sequences
P Q R S

A. (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
B. (iii) (v) (iv) (ii)
C. (iv) (i) (v) (ii)
D. (iii) (iv) (i) (ii)
Answer» C. (iv) (i) (v) (ii)
discuss
62.

Match the column I and column II
P Radio active andibody (a) substance that can be constructed in the laboratory
Q Artificial gene (b) substance that can be used to identify colonies of geneticully engineered bacteria that makes particular gene product
R Amplification (c) Abnormal enhanced replication of a plasmid many copies of plasmid in each cell
S To produce clones (d) A large population of idential cells
T short gun cloning (e) The use of entire array of genes of an organism in order to obtain particular gene product
P Q R S T

A. b a c d e
B. a c b d e
C. a c d b e
D. b c e d a
Answer» A. b a c d e
discuss
63.

For transformation, micro particles coated with DNA are bombarded with gene gun made up of.

A. Platinum or Zinc
B. Silicon or Platinum
C. Gold or tungsten
D. Silver or Platinum
Answer» C. Gold or tungsten
discuss
64.

PCR and Restriction fragment lenth Polymorphism are the methods for. (AIPMT-2012)

A. genetic transtormation
B. DNA Sequencing
C. DNA finger printing
D. Study of enzymes
Answer» D. Study of enzymes
discuss
65.

The linking of antibiotic resistance gene with the plasmid Vector became possible with

A. DNA ligase
B. Exonuclease
C. Endo nuclease
D. DNA Polymerase
Answer» C. Endo nuclease
discuss
66.

Gel electrophoresis is used for--

A. Isolation of DNA molecule
B. Cutting of DNA in to fragments
C. Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
D. Construction of recombinant DNA by joining with cloning Vector
Answer» C. Separation of DNA fragments according to their size
discuss
67.

Gentic engineering has been sucessfully used for producing ___ (CBSE-2010)

A. trangenic models for studying new treatments for Certain cardiac diseases.
B. transgenic Cow - Rosie which produces high fat milk for making ghee.
C. animals linke bulies for farm work as they have super power.
D. transgenic mice for testing safety of polio Vaccine before use in humans.
Answer» D. transgenic mice for testing safety of polio Vaccine before use in humans.
discuss
68.

Match the following and choose the correct combination from the option given ... (Karnatak PMT-2005)
Column I Column II
(a) Escherichia coli 1 - nif gene
(b) Rhizobium meliloti 2 - digestion of hydrocarbons of crude oil
(c) Bacilius thuringiensis 3 - human insulin production
(d) Pseudomonas putida 4 - Biocontrol of fungal disease
5 - biodegradable insecticide

A. A = 3, B = 1, C = 5, D = 4
B. A = 1, B = 2, C = 3, D = 4,
C. A = 2, B = 1, C = 3, D = 4
D. A = 4, B = 3, C = 1, D = 2
Answer» C. A = 2, B = 1, C = 3, D = 4
discuss
69.

Find the incorrrect statement

A. Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat disease at molecular level by replacing defective genes with normal genes.
B. Calcitonin is a medically useful recombinant product in the treatment of intetility
C. Bt toxin is a Biodegradable insecticide obtained from bacillis thuringiensis
D. Trichoderma sp. is a biocontrol agent for fungal diseases of plants
Answer» A. Gene therapy is a genetic engineering technique used to treat disease at molecular level by replacing defective genes with normal genes.
discuss
70.

Production of a human protein in bacteria genetic engineering is possible because

A. bacterial cell can carry out the RNA splicing reactions
B. the human chromosome can replicate in bacterial cell
C. the mechanism of gene regulation is identical in human and bacteria
D. The genetic code is universal
Answer» C. the mechanism of gene regulation is identical in human and bacteria
discuss
71.

The basis of DNA finger printing is

A. The double helix
B. Errors in base sequence
C. Poly morphism in sequence
D. DNA replication
Answer» D. DNA replication
discuss
72.

A genetically engineered microorganism used successfully in biomediation of oil spillg is species of (CBSE-2007)

A. Trichoderma
B. Xamthomonas
C. Bacillus
D. Pseudomonas
Answer» C. Bacillus
discuss
73.

What is the function of Restriction endonuclease ? (AIPMT -2006)

A. Restricts the synthesis of DNA inside the nucleus
B. Synthesizes DNA
C. Cuts DNA molecule randomly
D. cuts DNA molecule at specific sites
Answer» D. cuts DNA molecule at specific sites
discuss
74.

The nuclease enzyme which begins its attack from Free end of a polynucleotide is

A. Exonuclease
B. Kinase
C. Polymerase
D. Endonuclease
Answer» A. Exonuclease
discuss
75.

Identify the Plasmid (ET 2004)

A. Alu I
B. Hind III
C. ECORI
D. PBR322
Answer» C. ECORI
discuss
76.

Molecular scissors, which cut DNA at specific site (Kerala-2004)

A. ligase
B. cellulase
C. pectinase
D. Polymerase
Answer» E.
discuss
77.

In transgenics the experession of transce in the target tissue is known by (CBSE-2004)

A. Enhancer
B. Transgene
C. Promoter
D. Reporter
Answer» A. Enhancer
discuss
78.

Variable number of tender repeats (VTNR) in the DNA molecule are highly useful in

A. monoclonal antibody production
B. DNA finger printing
C. Recombinant DNA technology
D. stem cell culture
Answer» B. DNA finger printing
discuss
79.

Which one of the following bacteria has found extensive use in genetic engineering work in plants ?

A. Agrobacterium tamefaciens
B. Clostridium septicum
C. Xanthomonas citri
D. Bacilius Coagulens
Answer» A. Agrobacterium tamefaciens
discuss
80.

What does Bt stand For the Popular crop Bt Cotton ?

A. Best
B. Best type
C. Biotechnology
D. Bacilius tomentosta
Answer» E.
discuss
81.

The total number of nitrogenous bases in human genome is estimated to be about

A. 35 million
B. 3.1 million
C. 3.5 million
D. 3.5 thousand
Answer» D. 3.5 thousand
discuss
82.

Name of the drug used in cancer treatment produced by using biotechnology is .....

A. HGH
B. TSH
C. Insulin
D. Interfern
Answer» C. Insulin
discuss
83.

Which of the following pair is correctly matched ?

A. - central dogma - codon
B. - Okazaki fragments - splicing
C. RNA Polymerase - RNA Primer
D. Restriction enzymes - genetic engineering
Answer» C. RNA Polymerase - RNA Primer
discuss
84.

First Biochemical to be Producod commer cially by microbial cloning and genetic engineering is ___

A. interferom
B. penicillin
C. human insulin
D. Fertility factors
Answer» A. interferom
discuss
85.

First hormone prepared by genetic engineering is ....

A. Insulin
B. Oxytocin
C. adrenaline
D. Somatotropin
Answer» A. Insulin
discuss
86.

A technology which has found immense use in solving cases of disputed parentage is

A. DNA finger printing
B. Polymerase chain reaction
C. Recombinant DNA technology
D. Monoclonal antibody production
Answer» A. DNA finger printing
discuss
87.

Matching sequence of DNA between two evidences, one of the criminal with the suspect is known as

A. DNA finger printing
B. DNA amplification
C. Gene maping
D. DNA resolution
Answer» D. DNA resolution
discuss
88.

Agarose extracted From weeds finds use in ______ (A.I.PMT 2011)

A. spectrophoto metry
B. Tissue culture
C. Gel electrophoresis
D. PCR
Answer» B. Tissue culture
discuss
89.

Widely used tool in genetic engineering of crop plants is ____ (AIEEE 2004)

A. protoplast fusion
B. Transposon
C. Micro injection
D. Agrobacterium mediation
Answer» B. Transposon
discuss
90.

c DNA Probes are copied from messenger RNA molecule with the help of __

A. Restriction enzyme
B. Reverse transcriptase
C. DNA Polymerase
D. Adenosine deaminase
Answer» D. Adenosine deaminase
discuss
91.

Which one of the following pair is wrongly matched ?

A. methanogens - Gobargas
B. Yeast - Ethanol
C. Streptomycetes - Antibiotic
D. Coliborms - vinegar
Answer» D. Coliborms - vinegar
discuss
92.

The Prerequisites for biotechnological production of antibiotic is

A. to search an antibiotic producing microorganism
B. to isolate the antibiotic gene
C. to join antibiotic gene with E coli plasmid
D. All of the above (MP PMT 2008)
Answer» D. All of the above (MP PMT 2008)
discuss
93.

Which one of the following is now being commercially produced by biotechnological Procedures

A. Nicotine
B. Morphine
C. quinine
D. Insulin
Answer» D. Insulin
discuss
94.

Which one of the following is a wrong matching of a microbe and its industrial product while the remaining three are correct

A. clostridium butylicum - lactic acid
B. Aspergillis niger cirric acid
C. yeast - statins
D. Acetobacter aceti - acetic acid (CBSE PMT 2011)
Answer» A. clostridium butylicum - lactic acid
discuss
95.

Some of the steps involved in the production of humulin are given below choose the correct sequence
(i) synthesis of gene (DNA) for human insulin antibicially
(ii) culturing recombinant E.Coli in bioreactors
(iii) Purification of humulin
(iv) Insertion of human insulin gene into plasmid
(v) Introduction of recombinant Plasmid into E.Coli
(vi) Extraction of recombinant gene product From E.Coli

A. (ii), (i), (iv), (iii) (v), (vi)
B. (i), (iii), (v), (vi), (ii), (iv)
C. (i), (iv), (v), (ii), (vi), (iii)
D. (iii), (v), (ii), (i), (vi), (iv)
Answer» B. (i), (iii), (v), (vi), (ii), (iv)
discuss

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